Studying abroad in Europe: a guide
What are European universities like?
Unlike in the UK, higher education is offered at not only traditional universities but also specialist institutions more frequently referred to as schools or colleges. Don’t allow yourself to be confused by the terminology though. These can be prestigious places of learning offering degrees in subjects as diverse as fashion, design or business. For instance, in France, students wishing to pursue business studies often apply to ‘écoles de commerce’ (business schools) that are run as private establishments and offer bachelor’s and master’s degrees.
When thinking about where to head next, bear in mind that recognition of degrees varies from one country to the other. National standards will naturally apply for subjects such as medicine, teaching, engineering or for law. For a useful resource, visit study.eu.
Can I study in Europe in English?
This may seem like the biggest hurdle for British students considering university in Europe, but there are now plenty of degree programmes taught wholly or partly in English.
You are therefore left with two choices: applying for a programme in the native language of your country of choice or finding a course taught in English.
Bear in mind the following:
Many universities offer a number of individual modules taught in English. These normally last a semester, although completing some modules in English is not the same as enrolling on a full English-taught degree programme.
Many universities offer several full degree programmes in English; the Netherlands is good example. Sites such as Studyportals are your best bet for tracking down such courses.
Master’s courses are more commonly taught in English, but you’ll need some higher education already under your belt to be eligible for them in most cases. Once you’ve reviewed the benefits of education in Europe, you may feel that it’s worth putting in the effort to learn a new language. With an immersion programme and some motivation, this may be achievable during a gap year. An A level in a specific language is probably not enough on its own to get you to the required standard, depending on what the university you’re applying to demands.
How to apply to European universities
Admission requirements
Admission requirements vary enormously between European countries, universities and courses, so research your options early rather than assuming that applying will work in the same way as it does through UCAS.
Keeping to deadlines is key. Some courses apply a ‘numerus fixus’ policy whereby the number of places is restricted (eg the Netherlands), and grade requirements can be tough – As, Bs and A*s are not uncommon.
Prospective applicants should always check subject requirements carefully. Some courses require applicants to have studied maths or another specified subject to a particular level, and universities may ask applicants whose qualifications do not meet their requirements to take an additional entrance or deficiency test.
In the past UK universities were very sought after by European and international students, this is no longer the case due to Brexit. Not surprisingly for young people with a yen for travel and experiencing life in a different country, these students have turned to European programmes. As a result, top European universities deal with applications from not just Europe but the whole world, making the admission process very competitive.
Do UK students need a visa to study in Europe?
Applicants coming from the UK who do not have EU/EEA or Swiss citizenship will require a student visa in addition to residence permit. Certain other conditions may be necessary, such as having an offer from a university, relevant qualifications, proficiency in the local language, and sufficient financial resources. Learn more about your options via the EU’s immigration portal.
What is life like at a European university?
Student life on the continent can be quite different compared to what Brits have back home. Your European university may bend over backwards to make sure life is understandable for students who are not using their native language, but the wider world will not be so forgiving. Language and cultural differences will have to be faced head-on.
How much does it cost to study in Europe?
Since UK students are no longer EU students, international fees will apply. The amount varies enormously by country, institution and course (see below for Ireland). For instance, fees in the Netherlands for non EU/EEA undergraduate students are typically between €10,000 and €25,000 pa (£8,500 and £21,500) whereas in France these will be closer to €3,000 pa (£2,600). Note: private higher education varies considerably. Scholarships and other local funding may also be available.
Students completing their whole degree at a higher education provider abroad are generally not eligible for Student Finance England support
Living costs can be high, it’s true, but then life in the UK isn’t exactly a snip. The following is an article detailing tuition fees at universities in the EU.
Student accommodation
Finding decent accommodation is a struggle, particularly in cities with a shortage of student accommodation. Campus universities are not the norm. As such, fully catered halls of residents are practically non-existent and self-catering is common, but rooms can be cramped, poorly located and expensive. Finding an acceptable place to stay may take hard work, patience and a willingness to settle for less than what you were hoping for.
Some universities will offer options for first year international students, so it’s important to contact them or check their website early on. Trawl the forums and classifieds (take a look at HousingAnywhere) and keep checking every day.
Healthcare for UK students studying in Europe
Having health insurance is vital as it may be required for visa purposes. UK students studying in an EU country can apply for a student UK Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC), which provides access to medically necessary state healthcare during their course. However, a GHIC is not a substitute for travel or private insurance, and students should check the healthcare and insurance requirements of the country in which they will be studying. The NHS recommends comprehensive health insurance for UK citizens studying abroad.
Studying in Ireland after Brexit
The Republic of Ireland (ROI) is a member state of the European Union while the United Kingdom is not. However, in contrast with other countries in the EU, the UK and ROI share the Common Travel Area, meaning their citizens are free to live, work and study in each other’s countries without the need for residency permits or visas. British school-leavers who are accepted onto undergraduate degrees at Irish universities are currently eligible for the Irish free fees initiative – although they are required to pay an annual student contribution fee.
Master’s degrees in Europe
Across much of Europe, higher education follows the Bologna system, with bachelor’s degrees usually lasting three or four years and master’s degrees a further one or two. Whether you need a master’s will depend very much on your subject, intended career and the country in which you hope to work. A higher percentage of EU students transition directly onto a master’s degree than students from the UK.
If you plan to return to the UK after completing a European bachelor’s degree, there is certainly no general requirement to complete a master’s first.
